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Antibacterial Drugs for Community-Acquired Pneumonia

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • January 25, 2021; (Issue 1616)

Treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is usually empiric, with selected antibiotic regimens directed against some of the most common causative pathogens. Recommended empiric regimens are listed in Table 2; recommended antibiotic dosages for treatment of CAP are listed in Tables 3 and 4. Joint guidelines for treatment of CAP by the American Thoracic Society and the Infectious Diseases Society of America (ATS/IDSA) were updated in 2019.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2021 Jan 25;63(1616):10-5 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Advice for Travelers

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • October 7, 2019; (Issue 1582)

Patients who receive pretravel advice can reduce their risk for many travel-related conditions. Vaccines recommended for travelers are reviewed in a separate...

Patients who receive pretravel advice can reduce their risk for many travel-related conditions. Vaccines recommended for travelers are reviewed in a separate issue.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2019 Oct 7;61(1582):153-60 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Expanded Table: Drugs for Malaria Prophylaxis (online only)

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • July 1, 2019; (Issue 1575)

...

View the Expanded Table: Drugs for Prophylaxis of Malaria

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2019 Jul 1;61(1575):e104-5 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Omadacycline (Nuzyra) - A New Tetracycline Antibiotic

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • May 20, 2019; (Issue 1572)

The FDA has approved omadacycline (Nuzyra – Paratek), a semisynthetic tetracycline derivative, for once-daily IV and oral treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CAP) and acute bacterial skin...

The FDA has approved omadacycline (Nuzyra – Paratek), a semisynthetic tetracycline derivative, for once-daily IV and oral treatment of community-acquired bacterial pneumonia (CAP) and acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSIs) in adults.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2019 May 20;61(1572):74-7 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Comparison Table: Some Antibiotics for MRSA Skin and Skin Structure Infections (online only)

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • March 26, 2018; (Issue 1543)

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View the Comparison Table: Some Antibiotics for MRSA Skin and Skin Structure Infections

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2018 Mar 26;60(1543):e59-62 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Sexually Transmitted Infections

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • July 3, 2017; (Issue 1524)

The text and tables that follow include recommendations for management of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) other than HIV and viral hepatitis. Some of the indications and dosages recommended here have...

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2017 Jul 3;59(1524):105-12 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Advice for Travelers

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • April 13, 2015; (Issue 1466)

Patients planning to travel to other countries often ask for information about prevention of diarrhea, malaria, and other travel-related conditions. Vaccines recommended for travelers based on their...

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2015 Apr 13;57(1466):52-8 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Sucroferric Oxyhydroxide (Velphoro) for Hyperphosphatemia

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • August 18, 2014; (Issue 1449)

Most patients with end-stage renal disease develop hyperphosphatemia, which can lead to secondary hyperparathyroidism, vascular calcification, and cardiovascular mortality. The FDA has approved sucroferric oxyhydroxide (Velphoro – Fresenius Medical Care), a chewable phosphate binder, for treatment of hyperphosphatemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on dialysis. It is the first iron-based phosphate binder to be approved for this indication.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2014 Aug 18;56(1449):76-7 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for MRSA Skin and Soft-Tissue Infections

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • May 12, 2014; (Issue 1442)

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which was traditionally a nosocomially-acquired organism but now frequently occurs in the absence of healthcare exposure, is the predominant cause...

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), which was traditionally a nosocomially-acquired organism but now frequently occurs in the absence of healthcare exposure, is the predominant cause of suppurative skin and soft-tissue infections in many parts of the US. Community-associated MRSA usually causes furunculosis, purulent cellulitis, and abscesses, but necrotizing fasciitis, necrotizing pneumonia, and sepsis can also occur.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2014 May 12;56(1442):39-40 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Sexually Transmitted Infections

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • September 1, 2013; (Issue 133)

Many infections can be transmitted during sexual contact. The text and tables that follow include recommendations for management of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) other than HIV, viral hepatitis, and enteric infections. Some of the indications and dosages recommended here have not been approved by the FDA.

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2013 Sep;11(133):87-94 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Bacterial Infections

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • July 1, 2013; (Issue 131)

The text that follows reviews some common bacterial infections and their empiric treatment pending the results of culture and susceptibility testing. The recommendations made here are based on the results of susceptibility studies, clinical trials, and the opinions of Medical Letter reviewers. Tables 1 and 2 list the usual dosages of antibacterial drugs.

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2013 Jul;11(131):65-74 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Raxibacumab for Anthrax

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • April 1, 2013; (Issue 1413)

The FDA has approved raxibacumab (rax” ee bak’ ue mab; GSK), a fully human monoclonal antibody given by intravenous infusion, for treatment of inhalational anthrax in combination with appropriate antibacterial drugs, and for prophylaxis of inhalational anthrax when alternative therapies are not available or are not appropriate. It was approved under the Animal Efficacy Rule, which allows the FDA to approve drugs that demonstrate efficacy in animals, providing that they would have a reasonable human health benefit and are safe for human use. Raxibacumab is only available from the CDC.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2013 Apr 1;55(1413):27-8 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Acne, Rosacea and Psoriasis

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • January 1, 2013; (Issue 125)

The pathogenesis of acne is multifactorial: follicular hyperkeratinization, bacteria, sebum production, androgens, and inflammation all play a role. The gram-positive microaerophilic bacteria...

The pathogenesis of acne is multifactorial: follicular hyperkeratinization, bacteria, sebum production, androgens, and inflammation all play a role. The gram-positive microaerophilic bacteria Propionibacterium acnes promote development of acne lesions by secreting chemotactic factors that attract leukocytes to the follicle, causing inflammation.

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2013 Jan;11(125):1-8 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Advice for Travelers

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • June 1, 2012; (Issue 118)

Patients planning to travel to other countries often ask for information about appropriate vaccines and prevention of diarrhea and malaria. More detailed advice for travelers is available from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) at www.cdc.gov/travel. Guidelines are also available from the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA).

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2012 Jun;10(118):45-56 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Sexually Transmitted Infections

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • July 1, 2010; (Issue 95)

Many infections can be transmitted during sexual contact. The text and tables that follow are limited to management of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) other than HIV, viral hepatitis and enteric infections. The drugs of choice, their dosages and alternatives are listed in a table that begins on page 54. A table listing the adverse effects of some of these antimicrobials begins on page 58.

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2010 Jul;8(95):53-60 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Advice for Travelers

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • November 1, 2009; (Issue 87)

Patients planning to travel to other countries often ask physicians for information about appropriate vaccines and prevention of diarrhea and malaria. Guidelines are also available from the Infectious Diseases...

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2009 Nov;7(87):83-94 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Acne, Rosacea and Psoriasis

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • November 1, 2008; (Issue 75)

The pathogenesis of acne is multifactorial: follicular hyperkeratinization, bacteria, sebum production, androgens and inflammation all play a role. The gram-positive microaerophilic bacteria Propionibacterium acnes promote development of acne lesions by secreting chemotactic factors that attract leukocytes to the follicle, causing inflammation.

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2008 Nov;6(75):75-82 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

In Brief: IV Artesunate for Severe Malaria

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • May 19, 2008; (Issue 1286)

The drug of choice for patients who require parenteral treatment for malaria is IV artesunate, which is available now from the CDC Malaria Branch (M-F, 8 AM-4:30 PM eastern time, 770-488-7788 or, after hours, 770-488-7100). Artesunate appears to be more effective than quinine1 and safer than quinidine, the other parenteral alternatives in the US. The CDC has supplies of artesunate in Atlanta and in 8 quarantine stations in major airports around the US. It will release the drug for appropriate patients (severe disease or unable to take oral drugs) if it can be supplied as quickly as quinidine, or if quinidine has failed, been poorly tolerated, or is contraindicated.

The herbal artemisinin derivatives artemether and artesunate are used worldwide for treatment of malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum, but have not been marketed in the US.2,3 About 1500 cases of malaria are diagnosed each year in the US in returning travelers, and about 5% of these have severe disease.4

Artesunate is generally given over 3 days in 2.4 mg/kg doses at 0, 12, 24 and 48 hours. It should be accompanied as soon as possible by an oral drug such as atovaquone/proguanil (Malarone), doxycycline (Vibramycin, and others; not for children <8 years old), clindamycin (Cleocin, and others) or mefloquine (Lariam, and others).

1. A Dondorp et al. South East Asian Quinine Artesunate Malaria Trial (SEAQUAMAT) Artesunate versus quinine for treatment of severe falciparum malaria: a randomised trial. Lancet 2005; 366:717.
2. Drugs for parasitic infections. New Rochelle, NY: The Medical Letter; 2007:34.
3. NJ White. Qinghaosu (artemisinin): the price of success. Science 2008; 320:330.
4. PJ Rosenthal. Artesunate for the treatment of severe falciparum malaria. N Engl J Med 2008; 358:1829.

Download: U.S. English

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2008 May 19;50(1286):37 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Sexually Transmitted Infections

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • September 1, 2007; (Issue 61)

Many infections can be transmitted during sexual contact. The text and tables that follow are limited to management of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) other than HIV, viral hepatitis and enteric infections. Guidelines are available from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) with detailed recommendations for treatment of these diseases.

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2007 Sep;5(61):81-9 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Choice of Antibacterial Drugs

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • May 1, 2007; (Issue 57)

Information about empirical treatment of bacterial infections, emerging trends in antimicrobial resistance, new drugs and new data about older drugs continue to become available. Usual pathogens and empiric treatment for some common types of infections are summarized in the text and a table listing the drugs of choice and alternatives for each pathogen begins on page 40. The recommendations made here are based on the results of susceptibility studies, clinical trials and the opinions of Medical Letter consultants.

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2007 May;5(57):33-50 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Advice for Travelers

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • May 1, 2006; (Issue 45)

Patients planning to travel to other countries often ask physicians for information about immunizations and prevention of diarrhea and malaria. More detailed advice for travelers is available from the Centers...

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2006 May;4(45):25-34 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Treatment of Community-Associated MRSA Infections

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • February 13, 2006; (Issue 1228)

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections, which have been a concern for many years, previously occurred primarily in hospitalized patients and those recently treated with antibiotics. In the past few years, there has been an increasing incidence worldwide of community-associated (CA) MRSA infections in patients without recent antibiotic exposure or contact with the healthcare system.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2006 Feb 13;48(1228):13-4 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Prevention of Malaria

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • December 5, 2005; (Issue 1223)

Many patients planning to travel seek advice about prevention of malaria. No drug is 100% effective for this indication; travelers should be told to take other protective measures as well. Malaria in pregnancy is particularly serious for both mother and fetus; prophylaxis is indicated if travel cannot be avoided. Countries with a risk of malaria are listed in the table on page 102. Some countries with endemic malaria transmission may not have malaria in the most frequently visited major cities and rural tourist resorts.

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Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2005 Dec 5;47(1223):100-2 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Azithromycin Extended-Release (Zmax) for Sinusitis and Pneumonia

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • September 28, 2005; (Issue 1218)

Zmax (Pfizer), an extended-release oral suspension of azithromycin, has been approved by the FDA for single dose treatment of mild to moderate community acquired pneumonia (CAP) and acute bacterial sinusitis...

Zmax (Pfizer), an extended-release oral suspension of azithromycin, has been approved by the FDA for single dose treatment of mild to moderate community acquired pneumonia (CAP) and acute bacterial sinusitis (ABS) in adults. Immediate-release azithromycin will probably become available generically later this year when its patent expires.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2005 Sep 28;47(1218):78-80 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Treatment of Lyme Disease

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • May 23, 2005; (Issue 1209)

Lyme disease in North America is caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, which is transmitted to humans by Ixodes scapularis or pacificus ticks. These ticks may also carry other pathogens; coinfection with Babesia microti or Anaplasma phagocytophilum (formerly Ehrlichia) has been reported.1 In 2001 and 2002, 12 states (CT, DE, ME, MD, MA, MI, NH, NJ, NY, PA, RI, WI) reported about 95% of all the Lyme disease in the US, but cases occurred in all states except HI, MT and OK. Most Lyme disease in North America occurs between May and September.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2005 May 23;47(1209):41-2 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Sexually Transmitted Infections

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • October 1, 2004; (Issue 26)

Many infections can be transmitted during sexual contact. The text and tables that follow are limited to management of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) other than HIV, viral hepatitis and enteric infections. Guidelines are available from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) with detailed recommendations for treatment of these diseases (MMWR Recomm Rep 2002; 51, RR-6:1). New guidelines are expected soon.

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2004 Oct;2(26):67-74 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Gemifloxacin (Factive)

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • September 20, 2004; (Issue 1192)

Gemifloxacin (Factive - Oscient), a new oral fluoroquinolone antibiotic, has been approved by the FDA for 5 days' treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (ABECB) and 7 days' treatment...

Gemifloxacin (Factive - Oscient), a new oral fluoroquinolone antibiotic, has been approved by the FDA for 5 days' treatment of acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis (ABECB) and 7 days' treatment of mild to moderate community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults. For the next 6-8 months it will only be available, presumably for commercial reasons, in states east of the Rocky Mountains.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2004 Sep 20;46(1192):78-9 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Telithromycin (Ketek) for Respiratory Infections

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • August 16, 2004; (Issue 1189)

Telithromycin (Ketek - Aventis) has been approved by the FDA for oral treatment of mild to moderate community-acquired pneumonia, acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis and acute bacterial sinusitis in...

Telithromycin (Ketek - Aventis) has been approved by the FDA for oral treatment of mild to moderate community-acquired pneumonia, acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis and acute bacterial sinusitis in patients age 18 and older. The drug is the first in a new class of antibiotics, the ketolides, derived from the macrolide erythromycin. Telithromycin has been marketed in Europe since 2001.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2004 Aug 16;46(1189):66-8 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Parasitic Infections

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • August 16, 2004; (Issue 1189)

Parasitic infections are found throughout the world. With increasing travel, immigration, use of immunosuppressive drugs and the spread of AIDS, physicians anywhere may see infections caused by previously unfamiliar parasites. The table below lists first-choice and alternative drugs for most parasitic infections. The brand names and manufacturers of the drugs are listed in this article.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2004 Aug 16;46(1189):66 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Choice of Antibacterial Drugs

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • March 1, 2004; (Issue 19)

New drugs for bacterial infections and new information about older drugs continue to become available. Empirical treatment of some common bacterial infections is discussed in this article. A table listing the drugs of choice and alternatives for each pathogen begins on page 18. These recommendations are based on results of susceptibility studies, clinical trials and the opinions of Medical Letter consultants. Local resistance patterns should be taken into account. Trade names are listed on page 24.

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2004 Mar;2(19):13-22 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Drugs for Pneumonia

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • September 1, 2003; (Issue 13)

The choice of drugs for treatment of pneumonia depends on the most likely pathogens causing the infection and local antimicrobial resistance patterns. Factors such as severity of illness, presence of co-morbid conditions and whether the infection is community or hospital-acquired also need to be considered.

Treat Guidel Med Lett. 2003 Sep;1(13):83-8 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Augmentin XR

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • January 20, 2003; (Issue 1148)

Augmentin XR (GlaxoSmithKline), an oral extended-release combination of amoxicillin and the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid, is now being promoted for treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis and...

Augmentin XR (GlaxoSmithKline), an oral extended-release combination of amoxicillin and the beta-lactamase inhibitor clavulanic acid, is now being promoted for treatment of acute bacterial sinusitis and community-acquired pneumonia. Augmentin XR contains a higher dose of amoxicillin than Augmentin.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2003 Jan 20;45(1148):5-6 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Advice for Travelers

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • April 15, 2002; (Issue 1128)

Patients planning to travel to other countries often ask physicians for advice about immunizations and prevention of diarrhea and malaria. More detailed advice for travelers is available from the CDC at...

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2002 Apr 15;44(1128):33-8 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Post-exposure Anthrax Prophylaxis

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • October 29, 2001; (Issue 1116)

Superseded by Handbook of Antimicrobial TherapyThe Medical Letter article on Drugs and Vaccines against Biological Weapons, published in the previous issue (October 15, 2001, page 87), included a brief...

Superseded by Handbook of Antimicrobial Therapy
The Medical Letter article on Drugs and Vaccines against Biological Weapons, published in the previous issue (October 15, 2001, page 87), included a brief discussion of post-exposure prophylaxis of inhalation anthrax. Recent events call for more detail.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2001 Oct 29;43(1116):91-2 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Treatment of Lyme Disease

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • May 1, 2000; (Issue 1077)

Lyme disease is caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi and transmitted to humans by Ixodes ticks. These ticks may also carry other pathogens; co-transmission of Babesia and Ehrlichia species has been...

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2000 May 1;42(1077):37-9 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Gatifloxacin and Moxifloxacin: Two New Fluoroquinolones

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • February 21, 2000; (Issue 1072)

Gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin are now available for once-daily treatment of patients with community-acquired pneumonia, acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, or acute...

Gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin are now available for once-daily treatment of patients with community-acquired pneumonia, acute bacterial exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, or acute sinusitis.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2000 Feb 21;42(1072):15-7 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Prevention of Malaria

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • January 24, 2000; (Issue 1070)

Patients planning to travel often ask for advice on prophylaxis against malaria. None of the antimalarials used in the past for prophylaxis has been entirely...

Patients planning to travel often ask for advice on prophylaxis against malaria. None of the antimalarials used in the past for prophylaxis has been entirely satisfactory.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 2000 Jan 24;42(1070):8-9 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Cefdinir--A New Oral Cephalosporin

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • August 28, 1998; (Issue 1034)

Cefdinir (Omnicef - Parke-Davis), a third-generation oral cephalosporin, has been approved by the FDA for treatment of acute sinusitis, otitis media, acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, pharyngitis,...

Cefdinir (Omnicef - Parke-Davis), a third-generation oral cephalosporin, has been approved by the FDA for treatment of acute sinusitis, otitis media, acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis, pharyngitis, community-acquired pneumonia and skin infections. Other drugs available for these indications are reviewed in The Medical Letter Handbook of Antimicrobial Therapy, 1998.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1998 Aug 28;40(1034):85-7 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Treatment of Lyme Disease

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • May 9, 1997; (Issue 1000)

Lyme disease, a multisystem infection transmitted by ixodid ticks and caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi is the most common vector-borne illness in the USA. Cases have been reported in 44 states, and...

Lyme disease, a multisystem infection transmitted by ixodid ticks and caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi is the most common vector-borne illness in the USA. Cases have been reported in 44 states, and also in Canada and many countries in Europe and Asia (ME Falagas and SL Gorbach, Infect Dis Clin Pract, 5:217, 1996).

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1997 May 9;39(1000):47-8 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Advice For Travelers

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • May 13, 1994; (Issue 922)

...

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1994 May 13;36(922):41-4 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Treatment of Lyme Disease

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • October 16, 1992; (Issue 881)

Lyme disease, a multisystem infection transmitted by ixodid ticks and caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi the most common vector-borne illness in the USA. It occurs, mainly in the northeast, upper...

Lyme disease, a multisystem infection transmitted by ixodid ticks and caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi the most common vector-borne illness in the USA. It occurs, mainly in the northeast, upper midwest, and California, but cases have been reported in 48 states, and also in Canada and many countries in Europe.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1992 Oct 16;34(881):95-6 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Clarithromycin and Azithromycin

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • May 15, 1992; (Issue 870)

Clarithromycin (Biaxin - Abbott) and azithromycin (Zithromax - Pfizer), two macrolide antibiotics chemically related to erythromycin, have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment of...

Clarithromycin (Biaxin - Abbott) and azithromycin (Zithromax - Pfizer), two macrolide antibiotics chemically related to erythromycin, have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for treatment of respiratory, skin, and skin structure infections. Azithromycin has also been approved for treatment of nongonococcal urethritis and cervicitis caused by Chlamydia trachomatis.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1992 May 15;34(870):45-7 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Advice for Travelers

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • May 1, 1992; (Issue 869)

Patients planning to travel to other countries often ask physicians for advice about immunizations and prevention of diarrhea and malaria. Legal requirements for entry and epidemiological conditions in different countries vary from time to time, often unpredictably, but some reasonable recommendations can be made. More detailed information is available in Health Information for International Travel, published annually by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), which can be obtained from the Superintendent of Documents, US Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402. Up-to-date automated information is available by telephone from the CDC (404-332-4559).

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1992 May 1;34(869):41-4 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Topical Corticosteroids

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • November 15, 1991; (Issue 857)

Two new topical corticosteroids - fluticasone (Cutivate - Glaxo), a mediumpotency product, and halobetasol propionate (Ultravate - Westwood-Squibb), a superhigh- potency drug- were recently approved for...

Two new topical corticosteroids - fluticasone (Cutivate - Glaxo), a mediumpotency product, and halobetasol propionate (Ultravate - Westwood-Squibb), a superhigh- potency drug- were recently approved for marketing by the US Food and Drug Administration.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1991 Nov 15;33(857):108-10 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Treatment of Lyme Disease

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • June 16, 1989; (Issue 794)

Lyme disease, a multisystem bacterial transmitted by Ixodid ticks, particularly in early summer, continues to be a common problem in the USA and many other countries. Since last year (Medical Letter, 30:65,...

Lyme disease, a multisystem bacterial transmitted by Ixodid ticks, particularly in early summer, continues to be a common problem in the USA and many other countries. Since last year (Medical Letter, 30:65, 1988), some new information has become available, but data on the choice, dosage and duration of antibiotic therapy are still available, but data on the choice, dosage and duration of antibiotic therapy are still limited.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1989 Jun 16;31(794):57-9 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction

Treatment Lyme Disease

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics • July 1, 1988; (Issue 769)

Lyme Disease, a multisystem inflammatory disorder transmitted by lxodid ticks and caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, is now the most common tick-transmitted illness in the USA. It has been reported...

Lyme Disease, a multisystem inflammatory disorder transmitted by lxodid ticks and caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, is now the most common tick-transmitted illness in the USA. It has been reported in 32 states and on all other continents except Antarctica. Infected ticks have been found not only in wooded areas, but also on well-maintained suburban lawns (RC Falco and D Fish, Am J Epidemiol, 127:826, April 1988). Optimal treatment for this newly discovered disease is still being determined, but some recommendations based on published experience and work in progress can be made.

Med Lett Drugs Ther. 1988 Jul 1;30(769):65-6 | Show Full Introduction Hide Full Introduction